Wararka
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Afar isbeddel oo waaweyn ee horumarinta tignoolajiyada nidaamka xakamaynta DCS mustaqbalka
2023-12-08
Nidaamka DCS waa nidaam xakameyn toos ah oo weyn marka laga reebo PLC. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha kiimikada, tamarta kulaylka iyo meelaha kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baahida tignoolajiyada iswada ee wax soo saarka ayaa la sii wanaajiyay. Habka caadiga ah ee DCS ma dabooli karo baahida wuxuuna u baahan yahay in la cusboonaysiiyo. Nidaamka DCS waa nidaam kontorool oo toos ah kaas oo isticmaala kombiyuutaro badan si loo xakameeyo wareegyada koontaroolka badan ee habka wax soo saarka, isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu si dhexe u heli karaa xogta, udubdhexaadka u maamula iyo kantaroolka dhexe. Nidaamka xakamaynta la qaybiyey wuxuu isticmaalaa microprocessors si uu u xakameeyo wareeg kasta si gooni ah, wuxuuna isticmaalaa kombiyuutarada xakamaynta warshadaha yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah ama microprocessors-waxqabad sare si loo fuliyo kantaroolka heerka sare. Codsi joogto ah ka dib sannado badan, xaddidaadyada horumarinta nidaamka DCS ee warshadaha ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u muuqda. Dhibaatooyinka DCS waa sida soo socota: (1) 1 ilaa 1 qaab. Hal qalab, hal lammaane oo xadhkaha gudbinta ah, ayaa hal calaamad u gudbiya hal jiho. Qaab dhismeedkani wuxuu keenayaa fiilooyinka adag, muddada dheer ee dhismaha, qiimaha rakibaadda oo sarreeya iyo dayactir adag. (2) Kalsooni xumo. Gudbinta calaamadaha Analog ma aha oo kaliya mid hooseeya saxnaanta, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u nugul tahay faragelinta. Sidaa darteed, tallaabooyin kala duwan ayaa la qaadayaa si loo hagaajiyo ka-hortagga faragelinta iyo saxnaanta gudbinta, natiijaduna waxay kordhisaa kharashka. (3) Gacanta oo ka baxday. Qolka kantaroolka, hawl-wadeenku ma fahmi karo xaaladda shaqada ee qalabka analoogga goobta, mana hagaajin karo cabbirkiisa, mana saadaalin karo shilka, taasoo keentay in hawlwadeenku uu ka baxo kontoroolka. Ma aha wax aan caadi ahayn in hawlwadeenadu ay ogaadaan cilladaha qalabka goobta wakhtiga. (4) Wadashaqeyn xumo. In kasta oo aaladaha analooga ahi ay mideeyeen halbeegga calaamadaha 4 ~ 20mA, inta badan cabbirrada farsamada ayaa wali go’aaminaya soo-saaraha, taas oo ka dhigaysa aaladaha noocyada kala duwan aan la beddeli karin. Natiijo ahaan, isticmaalayaashu waxay ku tiirsan yihiin soosaarayaasha, ma awoodaan inay adeegsadaan aaladaha u dhigma ee leh waxqabadka ugu wanaagsan iyo saamiga qiimaha, iyo xitaa xaaladda ay shirkaduhu kakooban yihiin suuqa. jihada horumarka Horumarka DCS wuxuu ahaa mid bisil oo la taaban karo. Shaki kuma jiro in ay wali tahay qaybta guud ee codsiga iyo xulashada hababka automation-ka warshadaha ee hadda. Isla markiiba kama baxayso marxaladda xakamaynta habka goobta iyadoo ay soo ifbaxday tignoolajiyada baska. Iyada oo la kulma caqabadaha, DCS waxay sii wadi doontaa inay ku horumarto isbeddellada soo socda: (1) Horumarinta jihada dhammaystiran: horumarinta isku xirka isgaarsiinta xogta iyo shabakadaha isgaarsiinta waxay sameyn doonaan nidaam ballaaran oo qalabka xakamaynta warshadaha sida kala duwan ee hal (multiple) loop regulators, PLC, PC warshadaha, NC, iwm si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha. Automation-ka warshadda oo la qabsado isbeddelka guud ee furfurnaanta. (2) Horumarinta xagga sirdoonka: horumarinta nidaamka xogta, shaqada sababaynta, iwm, gaar ahaan ku-dhaqanka nidaamka saldhigga aqoonta (KBS) iyo nidaamka khabiirada (ES), sida xakamaynta is-wax-u-barashada, ogaanshaha fog, is-kordhinta, iwm., AI waxaa laga xaqiijin doonaa dhammaan heerarka DCS. Si la mid ah FF fieldbus, aaladaha garaadka ku salaysan microprocessor sida I/O garaadka leh, kontaroolaha PID, dareeraha, gudbiyaha, hawl-wadeenka, interface-mashiinka-mashiinka, iyo PLC ayaa soo baxay midba midka kale. (3) PCS warshadaha: Waxa ay noqotay isbeddel weyn in DCS ay samayso IPC. PC waxa uu noqday xarun hawleed caadi ah ama mishiinka noode ee DCS. PC-PLC, PC-STD, PC-NC, iwm waa hormoodka PC-DCS. IPC waxay noqotay aaladda qalabka DCS. (4) Takhasuska DCS: Si DCS looga dhigo mid ku habboon codsiga dhinacyo kala duwan, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la sii fahmo habka iyo shuruudaha codsiga ee edbinta u dhiganta, si tartiib tartiib ah loo sameeyo sida awoodda nukliyeerka DCS, substation DCS, galaas DCS, sibidhka DCS, iwm.